Brief Introduction of Gold Dressing Equipment

I. Gravity Separation Equipment for Gold Beneficiation

1. Shaking Table

Working Principle: With reciprocating differential motion of deck and inclined water flow, ores stratify by density. Gold grains with high specific gravity sink along riffles and discharge as concentrates; gangue flows away with overflow water.

Advantages: High separation precision and good gold recovery rate; easy operation and process observation.

Disadvantages: Low single-unit capacity and large floor space; unsuitable for coarse lump ores.

2. Spiral Chute

Working Principle: Pulp flows down spiral groove by gravity. Under centrifugal and gravitational force, heavy gold accumulates on inner trough while gangue is discharged outward.

Advantages: No power consumption, low operation cost and compact layout.

Disadvantages: Poor recovery for fine gold; separation performance susceptible to feed fluctuation.

3. Jig Machine

Working Principle: Alternating water pulsation loosens ore bed, particles stratify by density; gold settles down and is collected as underflow concentrate.

Advantages: Large throughput, suitable for coarse & medium-sized placer gold separation.

Disadvantages: High water consumption, ineffective for fine gold recovery.

4. Centrifugal Concentrator

Working Principle: High-speed rotation generates strong centrifugal force to trap heavy gold on cylinder wall; gangue is discharged with pulp.

Advantages: Excellent fine gold separation performance, small footprint.

Disadvantages: Batch operation, severe equipment abrasion.

II. Cyanidation Process Equipment

1. Leaching Agitator Tank

Working Principle: Mechanical agitation mixes pulp with cyanide solution to dissolve gold into soluble gold cyanide complex.

Advantages: Complete gold leaching, applicable to most lode gold ores.

Disadvantages: High power and reagent consumption; cyanide is toxic.

2. Deaerator

Working Principle: Vacuum pumping removes dissolved oxygen from pulp to prevent premature oxidation and waste of zinc dust.

Advantages: Improved cementation efficiency and reduced zinc consumption.

Disadvantages: Complicated supporting vacuum auxiliary system.

3. Zinc Dust Cementation Unit

Working Principle: Zinc powder replaces gold from gold cyanide complex to generate gold sludge.

Advantages: Mature technology, high gold enrichment in sludge.

Disadvantages: High zinc cost, sensitive to harmful impurities in pulp.

4. Thickener & Filter Equipment

Working Principle: Solid-liquid separation via gravity sedimentation and pressure filtration after cyanide leaching.

Advantages: Stable separating effect.

Disadvantages: Large occupation area and numerous auxiliary attachments.

III. CIP/CIL Carbon-in-Pulp Equipment

1. Leaching-Adsorption Tank

Working Principle: Integrate cyanide leaching and activated carbon adsorption; dissolved gold is physically adsorbed onto granular activated carbon.

Advantages: Eliminate solid-liquid separation step and simplify flowsheet.

Disadvantages: High capital investment for tank construction.

2. Desorption & Electrowinning Unit

Working Principle: Gold loaded on carbon is stripped under high temperature and pressure; pregnant solution obtains gold cathode via electrolysis.

Advantages: High gold recovery and high purity of finished gold.

Disadvantages: High power consumption and strict automatic control requirement.

3. Carbon Regeneration Kiln

Working Principle: High-temperature calcination removes impurities on spent carbon to restore adsorption capacity for recycling.

Advantages: Recyclable activated carbon and lowered production cost.

Disadvantages: Severe wear of high-temperature equipment.

IV. Gold Dredger (Exclusive for Placer Gold)

Working Principle: Integrated on-board system: bucket dredging → crushing & screening → gravity separation (jig/spiral), tailings directly discarded on site.

Advantages: Integrated mining & processing, continuous large-scale placer gold production in river/alluvial deposits.

Disadvantages: Only available for waterside placer deposits; high equipment cost and inconvenient relocation.