Fluorite is an important non-metallic mineral raw material, which is widely used in chemical, steel, aluminum, ceramics and other industries. It is the main raw material for the preparation of fluorine. become an important strategic mineral resource. The beneficiation and separation technology of fluorite is an important means to improve the grade of fluorite, and it is also the basis of fluorine chemical technology. According to different types of fluorite, its beneficiation methods are also different. This article will take you to understand the main types of fluorite and its beneficiation methods.

According to the different symbiotic mineral components, fluorite can be roughly divided into single-type fluorite, quartz-type fluorite, sulfide-type fluorite, calcite-type fluorite, barite-type fluorite, siliceous-type fluorite, Seven kinds of carbonate fluorite.

1. Single type fluorite
Single-type fluorite is almost composed of a single fluorite mineral, and also contains a small amount of quartz and calcite, most of which are produced in veins. Smelting-grade fluorite resources are used, but the reserves are small and the degree of development is high.

Due to the simple composition of the ore, a single fluorite ore generally only needs to use basic oleic acid for simple flotation roughing-sweeping-several beneficiation to obtain a high-grade concentrate product.

2. Quartz Fluorite
Quartz-type fluorite is mainly composed of fluorite and quartz. The content of fluorite can reach 80% to 90%, and it contains a small amount of calcite, barite, and sulfide. The mineral composition of quartz-type fluorite is relatively simple and easy to separate. However, quartz concentrate is easily mixed into fluorite concentrate to increase the silica content. Therefore, reducing silicon in concentrate has become the focus of selection of quartz-type fluorite.

Quartz-type fluorite is generally sorted by flotation method, and the grinding operation has a great influence on its sorting index. The fine-grain embedded quartz-type fluorite generally adopts the stage grinding stage separation process to ensure that the quartz and fluorite monomers are dissociated without causing over-grinding. During the flotation, sodium carbonate is used as a pH adjuster, and oleic acid is used. , Oxidized paraffin soap can be used as a collector, water glass can be used as an inhibitor, and high-grade fluorite concentrate can be selected for many times.

3. Sulfide type fluorite
Sulfide-type fluorite has a mineral composition similar to that of quartz-type fluorite, but sulfide-type fluorite contains a lot of heavy metal sulfides. When developing, not only the recovery effect of fluorite, but also the synthesis of other metal minerals must be considered. Recycle.

For this type of fluorite minerals, the method of preferentially flotation of metal sulfides and then flotation of fluorite is generally adopted, wherein metal sulfides use sulfide collectors, and fluorite uses fatty acid collectors. On the basis of the flotation process, methods such as roasting and leaching can also be used to separate metal sulfides and fluorite.

4. Calcite-type fluorite
The main minerals of calcite-type fluorite are calcite and fluorite, of which the content of calcite is more than 30%, and it also contains metal sulfide minerals such as galena, sphalerite and pyrite.

Calcite and fluorite are calcium-containing minerals with similar physical and chemical properties, so separation is difficult. Inhibitors such as acid salts, dextrins, tannins, and tannin extracts are used to inhibit calcite, and fatty acid collectors are used as fluorite collectors to achieve the separation of calcite and fluorite.

5. Barite type fluorite
Barite-type fluorite is mainly composed of barite and fluorite, and the content of barite is between 10% and 40%. Minerals, sphalerite, and a small amount of calcite are associated.

The floatability of barite and fluorite is similar. Generally, the mixed flotation method is used, using sodium carbonate to adjust the pH value, and water glass as an inhibitor to obtain a mixed concentrate of barite and fluorite, and then flotation to separate the barite and fluorite. fluorite.

6. Silica-type fluorite
The siliceous rock type fluorite is formed by deposition, and fluorite is generally distributed in shale, mica-quartz schist, and quartzite in the form of fine-grained dissemination, cement-like, strip-micro-layered, agglomerated, and flat-lens-like. in siliceous rocks.

This kind of ore has a lot of primary slime and uneven particle size. The concentrate obtained by the conventional flotation method has a high silica content. It can be improved by adding chemical pretreatment in the grinding stage, and then flotation. , which can effectively inhibit the silicate gangue minerals in this type of minerals.

7. Carbonate Fluorite
Carbonate fluorite is also formed by deposition. Fluorite is fine-grained and distributed in limestone and marble. It forms a granular co-bonded mosaic structure or a metamorphic structure with calcite or dolomite. Layer-to-lamellar structure. The main minerals are fluorite and calcite, and the calcium carbonate content is about 30%.

Due to the similar flotation properties of fluorite and calcium carbonate, this type of fluorite is difficult to select. When fatty acid is used as a collector, high temperature slurry treatment is required at 50~60 °C, and calcium inhibitors are added, but this method The investment cost is large, the area is large, and the production cost is high.